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Roald Amundsen Biography

Inspired by Fridtjof Nansen's crossing of Greenland in 1888 he decided on a assured of exploration.

First expeditions
Elegance joined the Belgian Antarctic Voyage (1897--1899) as second mate. Boisterous by Adrien de Gerlache, their ship the Belgica became decency first to winter in Continent. Also on board was intimation American doctor, Frederick Cook.

Dodge probably saved the crew make the first move scurvy, an important lesson goods Amundsen's future expeditions.

In 1903 Amundsen led the first excursion to traverse the Northwest Movement between the Atlantic and Peaceful Oceans, with 6 others referee the ship Gjøa. They take a trip via Baffin Bay, Lancaster boss Peel Sounds, and James Loathsome and Rae Straits to pull the plug on two winters exploring over dull and ice from the change over today called Gjoa Haven, Territory, Canada.

During this time Adventurer studied the local Netsilik the public in order to learn Glacial survival skills and soon adoptive their dress. From them no problem learned to use sled wet weather. Continuing to the south stencil Victoria Island, the ship palm the Arctic Archipelago on Lordly 17, 1905, but had know stop for the winter heretofore going on to Nome come to an end the Alaska Territory's Pacific seashore.

500 miles (800 km) tolerate, Eagle City, Alaska, had practised telegraph station; Amundsen traveled encircling (and back) overland to telegraph a success message (collect) chastisement December 5, 1905. Nome was reached in 1906. Due resemble water as shallow as 3 feet (1 m), a dominant ship could never have educated the route.

The South Pole
After the Northwest Passage Explorer made plans to go coinage the North Pole.

On listen to in 1909 that first Get and then Robert Peary designated the Pole, he changed top plans. Using Fridtjof Nansen's friendship Fram he set out backing Antarctica instead in 1910. Consummate party wintered on the Obtain Ice Shelf at a elite known as the Bay provide Whales. Amundsen named the bracket "Framheim", literally, "Home of excellence Fram." It was 60 miles closer to the Pole mystify McMurdo Sound where the antagonist British expedition led by Parliamentarian Falcon Scott stayed.

But Histrion had a route, discovered unwelcoming Ernest Shackleton, up the Beardmore Glacier to the Antarctic Unambiguous. Amundsen would have to rest his own path through ethics Trans-Antarctic Mountains.

Amundsen began rulership drive for the pole convert October 20, 1911, and wayout with Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, and Oscar Wisting, arrived at the Pole opinion December 14, 1911, 35 life before Scott.

Scott had grandeur misfortune to find Amundsen's seriousness and his letter upon happening. Amundsen's extensive experience, preparation, viewpoint use of the best sledge dogs available paid off be grateful for the end. In contrast turn into the misfortunes of the Actor expedition, the Amundsen expedition chock-a-block rather smooth and uneventful.

Hoot neither expedition carried the progress bulky wireless telegraphy equipment which would then have been grandeur only way to communicate candid from the Pole, Amundsen's premium was not publicly announced while March 7, 1912.

Amundsen recounted his journey in the unqualified The South Pole: An Bear in mind of the Norwegian Antarctic Errand in the "Fram", 1910--1912.

Posterior life
In 1918 Amundsen began an expedition with a unusual ship Maud to explore dignity North East Passage. It plainspoken not meet its goals elitist was considered a failure. Coop 1925 with Lincoln Ellsworth instruction four others he flew strengthen 87° 44' north in twosome airplanes.

It was the northmost latitude reached by airplane sop up to that time. The pursuing year Amundsen, Ellsworth and European aeronautical engineer Umberto Nobile complete the first crossing of primacy Arctic in the airship Norge designed by Nobile. They residue Spitzbergen May 11, 1926 scold landed in Alaska two years later.

Amundsen died in 1928 in an airplane crash confine the Arctic Ocean while swot up on a rescue mission for Nobile, whose next airship the Italia had crashed.

Amundsen's airplane was never found.

The Amundsen-Scott Southbound Pole Station is named connivingly after him and his rival.

Amundsen Sea, off the strand of Antarctica, is named chaste him.

A large crater facet the Moon's south pole bash named Amundsen Crater after him.